Practical case: Base Biasing with Resistor
Level: Medium — Calculate and verify a base resistor to switch an NPN transistor safely from a logic output.
Analog Electronics, Medium, Resistor, Resistor_Medium
Electronic component
Practical case: Light switching from two points
Master Digital Electronics by building a 2-way switch using the universal NAND gate. Synthesize XOR logic to toggle LED states based on dual input signals.
Practical case: Debouncing SR Latch with NAND
Master Digital Electronics by building a NAND gate SR latch to eliminate switch noise. Ensure clean signals and verify stable memory states with LEDs.
Practical case: CMOS linear amplifier
Explore Digital Electronics by configuring a NOT gate as a Class A linear amplifier. Build the circuit to observe measurable AC signal gain and self-biasing.
Practical case: Ring Oscillator and Delay
Master Digital Electronics by building a ring oscillator using NOT gates. Measure the MHz output frequency to calculate precise propagation delay.
Practical case: Frequency divider by 2, 4 and 8
In this Digital Electronics lab, use a Binary counter to build a frequency divider. Verify square wave outputs at f/2, f/4, and f/8 relative to the clock.